启动、设置开启开机启动
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
查看docker启动状态
systemctl status docker
查询docker安装包
yum list installed | grep docker
删除安装包
yum remove docker*
显示docker的版本信息。
docker version
显示docker的系统信息,包括镜像和容器的数量
docker info
docker 命令 --help #帮助命令
docker --help
帮助文档的地址:https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/build/
后台启动命令
# 命令 docker run -d 镜像名
➜ ~ docker run -d centos
a8f922c255859622ac45ce3a535b7a0e8253329be4756ed6e32265d2dd2fac6c
➜ ~ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
# 问题docker ps. 发现centos 停止了
# 常见的坑,docker容器使用后台运行,就必须要有要一个前台进程,docker发现没有应用,就会自动停止
# nginx,容器启动后,发现自己没有提供服务,就会立刻停止,就是没有程序了
查看日志
docker logs --help
Options:
--details Show extra details provided to logs
* -f, --follow Follow log output
--since string Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
* --tail string Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all")
* -t, --timestamps Show timestamps
--until string Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes)
➜ ~ docker run -d centos /bin/sh -c "while true;do echo 6666;sleep 1;done" #模拟日志
#显示日志
-tf #显示日志信息(一直更新)
--tail number #需要显示日志条数
docker logs -t --tail n 容器id #查看n行日志
docker logs -ft 容器id #跟着日志
查看容器中进程信息 ps
# 命令 docker top 容器id
查看镜像的元数据
# 命令
docker inspect 容器id
</br>
**进入当前正在运行的容器**
# 我们通常容器都是使用后台方式运行的,需要进入容器,修改一些配置
# 命令
docker exec -it 容器id bashshell
#测试
➜ ~ docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
55321bcae33d centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 10 minutes ago Up 10 minutes bold_bell
a7215824a4db centos "/bin/sh -c 'while t…" 13 minutes ago Up 13 minutes zen_kepler
55a31b3f8613 centos "/bin/bash" 15 minutes ago Up 15 minutes lucid_clarke
➜ ~ docker exec -it 55321bcae33d /bin/bash
[root@55321bcae33d /]#
# 方式二
docker attach 容器id
#测试
docker attach 55321bcae33d
正在执行当前的代码...
区别
#docker exec #进入当前容器后开启一个新的终端,可以在里面操作。(常用)
#docker attach # 进入容器正在执行的终端
从容器内拷贝到主机上
docker cp 容器id:容器内路径 主机目的路径
#进入docker容器内部
➜ ~ docker exec -it 55321bcae33d /bin/bash
[root@55321bcae33d /]# ls
bin etc lib lost+found mnt proc run srv tmp var
dev home lib64 media opt root sbin sys usr
#新建一个文件
[root@55321bcae33d /]# echo "hello" > java.java
[root@55321bcae33d /]# cat java.java
hello
[root@55321bcae33d /]# exit
exit
➜ ~ docker cp 55321bcae33d:/java.java / #拷贝
➜ ~ cd /
➜ / ls #可以看见java.java存在
bin home lib mnt run sys vmlinuz
boot initrd.img lib64 opt sbin tmp vmlinuz.old
dev initrd.img.old lost+found proc srv usr wget-log
etc java.java media root swapfile var
学习方式:将我的所有笔记敲一遍,自己记录笔记!
小结:
attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
#当前shell下 attach连接指定运行的镜像
build Build an image from a Dockerfile # 通过Dockerfile定制镜像
commit Create a new image from a container's changes #提交当前容器为新的镜像
cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem #拷贝文件
create Create a new container #创建一个新的容器
diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem #查看docker容器的变化
events Get real time events from the server # 从服务获取容器实时时间
exec Run a command in a running container # 在运行中的容器上运行命令
export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive #导出容器文件系统作为一个tar归档文件[对应import]
history Show the history of an image # 展示一个镜像形成历史
images List images #列出系统当前的镜像
import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image #从tar包中导入内容创建一个文件系统镜像
info Display system-wide information # 显示全系统信息
inspect Return low-level information on Docker objects #查看容器详细信息
kill Kill one or more running containers # kill指定docker容器
load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN #从一个tar包或标准输入中加载一个镜像[对应save]
login Log in to a Docker registry #
logout Log out from a Docker registry
logs Fetch the logs of a container
pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
ps List containers
pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry
push Push an image or a repository to a registry
rename Rename a container
restart Restart one or more containers
rm Remove one or more containers
rmi Remove one or more images
run Run a command in a new container
save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
search Search the Docker Hub for images
start Start one or more stopped containers
stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop Stop one or more running containers
tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
top Display the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
update Update configuration of one or more containers
version Show the Docker version information
wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes